[Download] "Caught in the Crossfire: Factors Influencing the Closing of Missouri's Black Schools, 1865-1905 (ARTICLE 18) (Report)" by American Education History Journal # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free

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eBook details

• Title: Caught in the Crossfire: Factors Influencing the Closing of Missouri's Black Schools, 1865-1905 (ARTICLE 18) (Report)
• Author : American Education History Journal
• Release Date : January 01, 2008
• Genre: Education,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 233 KB

Description

On January 7, 1865, 66 delegates to the Missouri State Convention assembled in St. Louis to create a new constitution. Four days later the delegates--nearly three-fourths of whom were Radical Unionists (Parrish 1965, 14, 18)--voted to emancipate the state's slaves as one St. Louis newspaper proclaimed, " 'Glad tidings of Great Joy'... Missouri Free!" (St. Louis Daily Missouri Democrat, 12 January, 1865). However, some were unenthusiastic, as, for example, Platte County delegate Samuel A. Gilbert who had exclaimed during the debate, "In the name of God, if you are going to free negroes, send them from us" (St. Louis Daily Missouri Democrat, 13 January 1865). Chief among issues to be addressed was the education of blacks, which, since 1847, had been illegal in Missouri (Laws of Missouri 1847, 103-104). Following the emancipation vote, delegates drafted a new state constitution providing for public education for all persons from ages five to 21 (Constitution of the state of Missouri 1865, Article IX, Section 1). Between 1865 and, 1893, the General Assembly passed laws creating segregated schools and, establishing, for black schools only, an attendance threshold to allow them to operate. If, in any month, attendance fell below the minimum number, a black school had to close for up to six months.

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